Many important photographers in the Soviet Union devoted themselves to the “New Vision”, a visual language in the service of revolutionary processes. In the radical social and political transformation, photography played an outstanding role, first as an artistic medium of the avant-garde, then as documentary photography and above all as a publicistic means of propaganda, of the greatest importance in a country with a high rate of illiteracy. From the end of the 1920s the creative potential of this avant-garde was regulated and pressed into the propaganda of Socialist Realism. Daniela Mrazkova assembled her unique collection of 234 pictures, by Arkady Shaikhet, Georgy Zelma, Boris Ignatovich, Max Alpert, Georgy Petrusov and Alexander Rodchenko, at the height of the Cold War; it was acquired by the Museum Ludwig and is documented here in full.